Conservation Photography
Running Wild: The Return of Patagonia National Park’s Rheas
The Chacabuco Valley stretched wide before us. The golden steppe was broken by winding rivers, framed by snow-capped ridges that seemed to glow in the fall sun. We were in the heart of Patagonia National Park, a place reborn from what used to be one of the largest sheep ranches in Chile. Old Estancias once carved the land into squares made of barbed wire and filled with overgrazed pastures. But today, those fences are gone. The grasslands pulse with guanacos again and the park has become a symbol of what rewilding can mean when it’s done right.
We’d come here to see a beacon of rewilding in the area, which took shape as an oddly familiar looking species of bird called the Darwin’s rhea (known locally as ñandú or choique.) It’s Patagonia’s strangest survivors, this flightless animal with legs built for speed and feathers streaked in soft browns that disappear into the grass. From a distance, they look almost prehistoric, like something you might imagine darting across the steppe in a bygone epoch. Up close, they’re ecosystem engineers, spreading seeds that shape grassland health, and feed predators such as pumas and foxes that depend on them for survival.

These birds possess an unusual way of fertilizing the land, making them critical players and worth a heavy invesment in their rewilding. Unlike guanacos, which use fixed latrines (skat dropping areas) that concentrate nutrients in one spot, rheas are wanderers in every sense. As they roam, they drop seeds across the steppe in a steady scatter, with each pile of droppings carried further by rodents like tuco-tucos that burrow and churn the soil. This gives plants a chance to take root in Patagonia’s harsh winds. It’s a less prominent, yet highly fundamental cycle where rheas eat, move, fertilize, and in doing so, stitch the landscape together. Without them, the steppe would grow weaker and far less resilient.

Rheas, standing about three feet tall, are designed to vanish into Patagonia’s grasslands rather than dominate them. Rheas move almost like ghosts, disappearing into the landscape until you realize the ground itself was alive and moving all along. And yet here, in what should be one of their strongholds, rheas had nearly vanished.
Just a decade ago, a survey inside the park found fewer than 22 individuals left—a catastrophically low number for a bird so integral. The reasons were painfully manmade, as they often are when it comes to biodiversity loss like this. Decades of ranching, which ended here in 2008, had blanketed the valley in fences that trapped and killed rheas. Eggs were taken for food, chicks were chased down, and their range shrank until they were pushing just shy of a memory.

That’s where Emiliana Retamal, a young veterinarian turned wildlife ranger, comes into the conversation. She’s part of a small team with Rewilding Chile trying to bring rheas back to the Chacabuco steppe. The first thing she said upon meeting was to slow our movements, talk less, and to follow her lead when approaching these flightless wonders. We were off to the holding pens that served as a temporary home for both rhea adults and chicks, known here as charitos. Some of them were getting ready to be released into the wild, marking another historic moment for the rewilding team.
The following morning was all about getting things right. Rewilding Chile’s rhea initiative, called Ñandú Conservation and Recovery Programme, has been running since 2014. Ever since, the team has been incubating eggs, raising chicks, slowly reintroducing birds into the wild, all building toward a goal of restoring a self-sustaining population of at least 100 adults and at least four actively reproducing.

For Emiliana, release days are equal parts research, nerves, and a ton of hope. Each bird is carefully prepared, including mandatory health checks, parasite treatments, and a period of acclimatization inside open-air pens where they gain strength and learn to fend for themselves. The idea is not to domesticate them in any way, but rather, give them just enough of a head start to survive top predators, and Patagonia’s harsh winters once the pen gates swing open. Some are fitted with GPS collars—the first of their kind for monitoring rheas here—allowing the team to track their survival rates and see if they’re reproducing in the wild.
We were fortunate enough to witness this particular relase, which was a true milestone. Alongside captive-born birds, a group of 15 rheas had been translocated from Argentina for the first time. These wild individuals were specifically brought in to bolster genetics. These bird groups act quite differently, with the wild ones moving as a tighter group and demonstrating discomfort around people. That’s exactly what Emiliana wants, as the goal is to ensure the animals remember what it means to be wild or remain entirely wild to up their chances of survival.

When the moment finally came, the puesto (or field station) buzzed with controlled urgency. Emiliana and her patchwork team of rangers, vets, community leaders, and allies, moved with practiced rhythm, coaxing these powerful, awkward-looking birds into small wooden crates. These rheas were not tame, so asking them to willingly go into confinement requires a patient and steady hand. Every movement was about safety—maximizing calmness while minimizing stress, and avoiding injury for all.
Outside, a convoy of trucks rumbled to life while drones circled high above, ready to follow the release. Autumn had painted the surrounding forests in fire-reds, yellows and oranges. The air carried the kind of crispness that warned of winter’s approach. Bundled in layers, we set off across the park along a road that wound through valleys where iconic mountains dominated the horizon. The landscape begged us to stop and stare, but the mission pushed us forward. When we reached the release site, the cages were lifted down and arranged side by side. The team stood in a nervous silence. Everything was ready, so the countdown began.

On the count of three, the gates opened and the wranglers stepped back fast. For a heartbeat, not a single bird moved. Then, with a rush of feathers and legs, the rheas spilled out into the open, scattering across the grasslands like wind made visible. Some lingered, hesitating at the threshold. Others bolted in tight groups, vanishing into the tawny steppe. It certainly was not graceful, but it was emotional nonetheless. A species that had nearly disappeared from this place was running free, once again.
Releases like this may look simple. Open the gates, let the birds run, right? But the reality is far from it. Rewilding is hard work, and with rheas, it’s closer to brutal. In the wild, more than half of chicks don’t survive their first year. Eggs are eaten by predators or trampled by livestock, chicks are picked off by foxes, eagles, and pumas, and even curiosity can be fatal. Young birds often die from mistaking the wrong thing for food, like rocks or other inedible objects. And on top of that, the male birds are sometimes left caring for 50 chicks at once, making survival that much harder. Add to that the genetic bottleneck of starting with so few individuals in the wild, and every single bird that makes it into adulthood feels like a victory against impossible odds.

That’s why Emiliana and her team treat each rhea like an individual case study. Every release is followed by weeks of long days in the field monitoring and collecting data. Collars on individuals provide glimpses of survival, but much of the knowledge still comes from old-fashioned ranger work of tracking footprints across the steppe. Their job next will be to spot birds from a distance, asking local police and community members to report sightings to speed up the process.
And yet, for all the setbacks, the progress is undeniable for this team. From a ghost population of just 22 individuals to more than 70 now roaming the Chacabuco steppe, the recovery is indisputable. But numbers alone aren’t enough around here. Survival depends on genetics, and until recently, most of the birds released here had been hatched or raised in captivity. This means they were strong in body, but softer in instinct. This release however, was marking a turning point.

These 15 wild rheas translocated from Argentina to Puesto Ñandú—just a few kilometers from the border—arrived carrying what captive-bred birds could not: diverse DNA, sharper instincts, and that memory of how to live without the aid of humans. While borders divide people, they mean nothing to the animals who cross them freely. Rheas don’t recognize Chile or Argentina, but they recognize habitat. And if this recovery is to last, it will take both nations working together to protect the grasslands they share.
Even with the numbers trending upward, one of the biggest challenges is, of course, social. In nearby Cochrane, Emiliana is known casually as “the choique girl.” People are aware of the project, but they don’t always feel ownership of it. Many still see the park as something created by outsiders, disconnected from their lives. That gap is fundamental, and something the Rewilding Chile team, as well as its other collaborators including Quimán Reserve, CONAF (Chile’s National Forestry Corporation), SAG (Agriculture and Livestock Service) and Carabineros de Chile, are putting emphasis on. Rewilding efforts must be equally about saving species and building genuine relationships with communities or everything done in the field will not be effective.

Being in attendance on that release day, standing in the steppe as the cages opened and rheas burst back into a landscape that once nearly lost them, was something that will never escape our memory. The pride on the team’s faces, the outward relief after months of preparation, the sight of those birds vanishing into the golden grasslands, all felt triumphant.
As Emiliana reminded us, this is only the beginning. In the vastness of Patagonia National Park, surrounded by snow-capped ridges and rivers that once ran through sheep pastures, the work ahead is as immense as the landscape itself. Watching rheas roam free again was proof that rewilding means to restore the past, in addition to defining a new future, where ecosystems can someday thrive without our intervention.
Written by: Andi Cross
ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Andi Cross is an explorer, strategist, and extended range diver with Scuba Schools International and Scubapro, who leads Edges of Earth—a global expedition and consulting collective documenting resilience and climate solutions across the world’s most remote coastlines. Her work centers on “positive deviance”—spotlighting outliers succeeding against the odds—and using storytelling and strategy to help scale their impact.
Conservation Photography
Guy Harvey Documentary Claims Closing Night at Fort Lauderdale Film Festival

The 65-foot research vessel cuts through Caribbean waters while a man with a PhD in marine biology leans over the stern, watching a tagged bull shark disappear into the blue. On deck, watercolor palettes wait beside satellite tracking equipment. This is the contradiction at the heart of Guy Harvey: a scientist who abandoned academia for art, only to discover his paintings could accomplish what peer-reviewed journals could not.
After four decades of transforming marine wildlife into cultural currency, Harvey’s story finally arrives on screen. Guy Harvey, directed by 22-time Emmy Award winner Nick Nanton and produced by Astonish Entertainment, will close the 40th Annual Fort Lauderdale International Film Festival with its world premiere on February 28 at 6:30 p.m. at the Museum of Discovery and Science. The screening includes a Q&A with cast and crew, followed by a celebratory reception.

The Artist Who Rebuilt Billfish Populations With Brushstrokes
Harvey never intended to become a conservation icon. Born in Jamaica with a British Army father, he earned his doctorate from the University of the West Indies in 1984, fully prepared for a life of academic marine biology. Then came 1988, when he set up a modest booth at a Fort Lauderdale boat show to sell his fish paintings.
What happened next reshaped marine conservation funding in ways traditional nonprofits still study. Harvey’s scientifically accurate depictions of marlin, sailfish, and sharks resonated with the sportfishing community at a visceral level. His T-shirts became ubiquitous along coastal America. That revenue stream, now reaching over one million followers across social platforms, generates ongoing support for the Guy Harvey Foundation and Guy Harvey Research Institute at Nova Southeastern University.
Consider the scope: over $800,000 in marine science scholarships funded, 2,168 teachers trained in marine science education as of late 2024, curriculum reaching an estimated 50 million students globally through partnerships with Discovery Education and Florida Virtual School. Research projects span from 22-year stingray population surveys in the Cayman Islands to groundbreaking billfish tracking studies proving catch-and-release sustainability.
“Guy Harvey bridges worlds: he’s as much a scientist as he is an artist, and his work has changed how millions of people see the ocean,” Nanton explains in the film’s press materials. “This film celebrates not just his achievements, but the movement he’s inspired to preserve our planet’s most vital resource.”
Nanton’s Lens: Where Biography Meets Cultural Archaeology
Nanton brings complementary credentials to Harvey’s story. Dubbed “America’s Biographer” by Larry King, the Orlando-based director has spent two decades documenting how individuals catalyze cultural change. His 60-plus documentaries cover everyone from Notre Dame’s Rudy Ruettiger to XPRIZE founder Peter Diamandis, collecting 43 Emmy nominations and 22 wins along the way.
Nanton’s filmmaking philosophy rejects hagiography in favor of what he calls “connection through contradiction.” His subjects succeed not despite their complexities but because of them. For Guy Harvey, this meant filming across the Cayman Islands, Panama, California, and Florida, capturing not just the artist at his easel but the diver photographing free-swimming billfish at depths most people avoid, the scientist collaborating with Tropic Star Lodge researchers on sailfish migration patterns, the educator developing STEAM curriculum for elementary schools.
The director assembled a production team matching the subject’s scope. Underwater cinematographer Carlo Alberto Orecchia captures what Harvey sees before he paints it. The film features fellow marine artist Robert Wyland, wildlife sculptor Kent Ullberg, photographer Jim Abernethy, Harvey’s children Alex and Jessica Harvey (the latter now serving as Guy Harvey Foundation CEO), and dozens of scientists whose research Harvey funds.
Fort Lauderdale: The Only Logical Stage
Lisa Grigorian, Fort Lauderdale International Film Festival president and CEO, notes the fitting symmetry of hosting Harvey’s premiere: “As the fishing capital of the world, Fort Lauderdale is the perfect home for a film that celebrates marine life, conservation, and the legacy of one of the most iconic ocean artists of our time.”
The 40th anniversary festival (February 20-28) represents one of America’s longest-running film celebrations, founded in 1986 by the Broward County Film Society. Over four decades, FLIFF has hosted everyone from Audrey Hepburn to Matt Damon across venues including the historic Savor Cinema art house and Cinema Paradiso. The festival showcases 100-plus films annually, maintaining its reputation as a crucial test market for American independents and international cinema while operating year-round programming through its arthouse theaters.
Harvey’s journey mirrors the festival’s timeline almost exactly. They emerged together in the mid-1980s, when South Florida’s cultural infrastructure was finding its voice, and both survived the transition from analog to digital, from local to global. Each proved that regional institutions could achieve international impact through authenticity and relentless quality.
The Foundation’s Living Laboratory
While Harvey became famous for his art, the Guy Harvey Foundation and Research Institute conduct the science justifying conservation policy. Recent research demonstrates that a commercially harvested billfish generates $50-60 in value, while the same fish in recreational catch-and-release fisheries produces $2,000-plus in economic impact and can be caught repeatedly, creating both ecological sustainability and economic multiplier effects.
The Foundation’s current projects include monitoring Nassau grouper spawning aggregations in the Caribbean (among the last remaining), tracking shortfin mako sharks (classified as vulnerable to extinction), studying how juvenile bull sharks function as nutrient pumps between Everglades habitats, and maintaining the world’s longest-running wildlife interactive zone study at Stingray City in Grand Cayman.
Jessica Harvey, who leads the Foundation after years conducting fieldwork in the Cayman Islands Department of Environment, recently expanded educational reach through the Guy Harvey Conservation Education Program. The initiative provides free professional development in environmental STEAM education, turning participants into certified Guy Harvey Conservation Educators with grants and resources for classroom enhancement.
“It is our collective responsibility to preserve our marine environment and maintain the biodiversity of this planet,” Harvey states in the film. “But it takes cash to care.” His model proved that conservation could be self-sustaining if it connected emotionally with people who love the ocean, even if they never publish research papers.


Measuring Impact Beyond Gallery Walls
Harvey’s cultural penetration extends far beyond marine biology circles. His distinctive style appears on everything from Tervis tumblers (which donate $1 per product to the Foundation) to Norwegian Cruise Line partnerships to Florida Lottery scratch-off games funding marine science education. The Guy Harvey brand operates across the U.S., Caribbean, and Central America, with solar-powered manufacturing in El Salvador producing sustainable apparel that funds research.
International recognition followed: Panama’s Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa Grand Officer (the nation’s highest honor for non-Panamanians), induction into the International Game Fish Association Hall of Fame, NOGI Award from the diving industry, Wyland ICON Award, and Artists for Conservation honors. He’s been inducted into fishing, scuba diving, and swimming halls of fame, a trifecta reflecting his multi-disciplinary approach.
The documentary captures this scope by filming Harvey in his natural habitats: underwater photographing subjects before painting them, aboard research vessels deploying satellite tags, visiting classrooms where teachers use his curriculum, and in his studio where scientific observation transforms into art that funds more science.
The Closing Night Convergence
Guy Harvey screens February 28 at 6:30 p.m. at Fort Lauderdale’s Museum of Discovery and Science, with tickets available through the FLIFF website. The post-screening Q&A and reception provide attendees access to filmmakers and potentially Harvey himself, offering rare insight into four decades of conservation work that rewrote the relationship between art, commerce, and environmental protection.
For Nanton, the film represents something larger than biography: a case study in how individual passion scales into movement. That movement includes the 2,000-plus teachers trained in marine science, the graduate students receiving Guy Harvey Fellowships through partnerships with Florida Sea Grant, the commercial fishermen adopting sustainable practices after seeing research funded by T-shirt sales, and the millions of people who wear Harvey’s art as a declaration of alliance with healthy oceans.
The documentary arrives as marine ecosystems face compounding threats: warming waters, overfishing, and accelerating habitat loss. Harvey’s model offers something conventional conservation often lacks: a bridge between scientific rigor and popular culture, between research journals and everyday life, between understanding marine ecology and actually caring enough to protect it.
When Harvey set up that booth at the Fort Lauderdale boat show in 1988, he was just trying to sell paintings. He created something more durable: proof that art could fund science, that commerce could serve conservation, and that one person’s obsession with accurately painting fish could help ensure those fish survive for future generations to see.

Event Details:
- Film: Guy Harvey (World Premiere)
- Date: Saturday, February 28, 2026
- Time: 6:30 p.m.
- Venue: Museum of Discovery and Science, Fort Lauderdale
- Festival: 40th Annual Fort Lauderdale International Film Festival
- Post-Screening: Q&A with cast and crew, followed by reception
- Tickets: Available at fliff.com
Written by: Junior Thanong Aiamkhophueng
Attribution: This article draws on information from an Astonish Entertainment press release; details on the Guy Harvey documentary directed by Nick Nanton; research and educational programs by the Guy Harvey Foundation and Guy Harvey Research Institute at Nova Southeastern University; Fort Lauderdale International Film Festival programming for the 40th anniversary celebration; and biographical information on Dr. Guy Harvey’s marine conservation work spanning Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, Panama, and Florida waters.
ABOUT THE ORGANIZATIONS

With a focused mission to better understand and conserve the ocean environment, the Guy Harvey Foundation (GHF) collaborates with local, national and international organizations to conduct scientific research and provides funding to affiliated researchers who share this objective The GHF also develops and hosts cutting-edge educational programs that help educators to foster the next era of marine conservationists, ensuring that future generations can enjoy and benefit from a properly balanced ocean ecosystem. www.GuyHarveyFoundation.org
Conservation Photography
North Atlantic Right Whale Entanglement Threatens Juvenile Named “Division”

A North Atlantic right whale sighted off Georgia with a serious entanglement is facing uncertain survival, experts say, highlighting the ongoing threats facing this critically endangered species.
An aerial survey team from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) first sighted “Division” (Catalog #5217, named for his callosity pattern that looks like a division sign) entangled off Jekyll Island, Georgia, on Dec. 3. The 3-year-old male had fishing line wrapping his head and mouth cutting into this blowhole and embedded in his upper jaw. NOAA Fisheries biologists have categorized the case as a “serious injury.” Scientists in the Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life at the New England Aquarium assessed the impact of the entanglement on the whale’s health, and what they saw was concerning.
“Division’s entanglement is significant and life-threatening,” said Heather Pettis, Senior Scientist in the Aquarium’s Anderson Cabot Center. “There are multiple indicators that Division has been entangled for some time and that the entanglement has led to a worrisome decline in his overall health. Aggregations of whale lice on the head, body, and tail, a pronounced decline in body condition, and a section of remaining rope that is deeply embedded in the top of the whale’s head leave us very concerned for this whale’s welfare and survival.”
Trained responders from the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, in collaboration with FWC and Clearwater Marine Aquarium Research Institute, were able to remove some of the fishing gear from the whale. Further response efforts will depend on the whale’s condition, weather, and resightings, according to NOAA.
Division was born to mother “Silt” (Catalog #1817) in 2022 and has been regularly sighted in the waters of New England and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. He was last seen gear-free in July 2025 in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
North Atlantic right whales are one of the most endangered large whale species in the world, with an estimated population of about 380 and only 72 reproductive females. This case marks the first right whale entangled with attached gear detected in 2025. Despite a relatively quiet year for right whale injury detections, researchers have noted that the low number may not represent accurate levels of events being experienced by the population, and it will take more time to determine if this reduction is real. The late fall and winter are not uncommon months for new entanglements to be detected for this population.
“Last year, there were four detected entanglement events in December, and so sighting this whale in its current state, while incredibly disheartening, was not a complete surprise,” Pettis said. “We are grateful for the extraordinary efforts that went into trying to free this whale from the gear and hold out hope that Division can overcome the odds stacked against him.”
Entanglements and vessel strikes remain the leading causes of death and injury for North Atlantic right whales. From 1980 to the present, scientists have documented over 1,800 entanglement events involving over 85 percent of the right whale population. Serious injuries and deaths of right whales caused by entanglements are preventable and highlight the importance of broad-scale adoption of ropeless or “on-demand” gear and weaker ropes. Without adequate protection measures implemented throughout the right whale’s range in U.S. and Canadian waters, combined with significant funding support, entanglements and vessel strikes will continue to threaten the survival of the species.
ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION

The New England Aquarium is a nonprofit research and conservation organization that has protected and cared for our ocean and marine animals for more than 55 years. We provide science-based solutions and help shape policies that create measurable change to address threats the ocean faces. We inspire action through discovery and help create engaged, resilient communities.
Conservation Photography
What Next Generation Leaders Can Learn From The Tompkins’ Legacy
When I think about some of the most impactful conservation wins of our time, the global ivory bans, the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act, or Canada’s phaseout of open-net salmon farms immediately surfaces. But there’s one that seems to present front-and-center for me, especially since I identify as both a capitalist and a conservationist, as being particularly timely. The large-scale rewilding efforts across Chile and Argentina stand out as compelling case studies of what’s possible when bold vision, private capital, and ecological urgency collide. For anyone in business today, it challenges us to rethink what meaningful contribution looks like in a world that can no longer afford business as usual.
The pair behind this effort are Kris Tompkins and the late Doug Tompkins. Doug co-founded The North Face and later Esprit, two powerhouse brands that redefined outdoor and fashion industries. Kris was Patagonia’s inaugural CEO, shaping it into a globally recognized ethical apparel company. Together, they drew a direct line between wealth and responsibility to establish Tompkins Conservation. The organization’s objective was to place focus on and highlight geographical regions or areas that they held personal ties to. Doug stated he would use his fortune to “pay rent to planet Earth.”

Over two decades, Doug and Kris donated more than 3 million acres in Chile and Argentina, creating over a dozen national parks. Before his untimely death exactly 10 years ago from a kayaking accident, Doug’s final vision was the Route of Parks of Patagonia—a 2,800-kilometer corridor linking 17 parks and 60 communities across Chile. It was a radical undertaking aiming to restore entire ecosystems that reconnected wildlife, all while creating livelihoods that didn’t rely on extractive industries like mining or industrial fishing.
Born from Tompkins Conservation, both Rewilding Chile and Rewilding Argentina were created to carry out Doug and Kris’s mission, but more so to ensure these efforts evolved beyond the individuals themselves. They made a deliberate choice to hand the work to local leaders who understand these ecosystems as home. Today, those leaders and their counterparts are both honoring Doug’s legacy and expanding Kris’s vision in ways only they can. That has even meant taking their work beyond the two country borders.

This year at Climate Week in New York, Kris inspired the launch of the Jaguar River Initiative, which is a continental-scale rewilding effort stretching across Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. It’s one of the most ambitious ecological restoration projects in the Global South, led by on-ground conservationists who understand these landscapes as more than boundaries, but as a single, continuous living system.
Directed by Deli Saavedra, the vision is to rewild the river corridors that function as the connective tissue of a million square mile ecosystem. In doing so, this will restore the movement of jaguars, giant river otters, anteaters, and other keystone species, while addressing the cascading pressures of climate change and habitat loss. Drought, wildfires, industrial encroachment, agriculture, and deforestation have fragmented this region for decades. However, the success of Argentina’s Iberá Wetlands—where jaguars have returned after more than 70 years and local communities built an economy around restoration—proved that recovery at scale is not only possible, but replicable.

The concept is to take what worked in Iberá and apply the concept elsewhere. It’s the essence of “positive deviance,” or identifying what’s working against the odds, understanding why, and helping others replicate and adapt it in their own contexts. This initiative is the genesis of my work with Edges of Earth, where we seek out ready-made solutions already succeeding locally, and help these organizational stories reach the world so there’s opportunities to scale both locally and globally.
Over nearly eight weeks, Adam Moore—our expedition operations lead—and I, immersed into the worlds of Rewilding Chile and Rewilding Argentina to see their impact firsthand. In Patagonia National Park, we saw why rewilding matters. As we crossed sweeping valleys filled with guanaco herds and climbed ridgelines where Darwin’s rhea now roam after teetering on the edge of extinction, the vision that Doug and Kris championed felt like a promise made, and kept, to Chile.
The park’s rewilding story continues: Running Wild: The Return of Patagonia National Park’s Rheas

A place Doug loved so deeply it now carries his name, Pumalín Douglas Tompkins National Park, showed us a completely different face of Patagonia. At Caleta Gonzalo Lodge, designed by Doug and Kris themselves, the scenery shifts from the iconic windblown steppe to a world of fjords, waterfalls, glaciers, ancient alerce trees, and volcanoes that rival the Pacific Ring of Fire. This was Doug’s living laboratory, where he tested the radical idea that conservation could be run with the same rigor and ambition as a business empire. By 2018, that experiment became history. When 1,063,000 acres were protected in the largest private land donation ever made to any government, Kris proved that when vision meets capital, an entire nation’s map can be redrawn.

On the other side, Rewilding Argentina has created and/or expanded 10 national and provincial parks through the donation of 464,098 hectares of land. Altogether, their work now protects an extraordinary 1,611,413 hectares—an area so vast it’s almost hard to comprehend. And at the heart of it sits the Iberá Wetlands, one of the world’s largest freshwater ecosystems. Argentina’s most powerful rewilding success story.
Traveling with Marisi López, who has been part of this movement since the earliest days, we learned just how improbable this transformation once seemed. Iberá was not always a wildlife stronghold. For decades, much of the region was hunted out, fragmented by agriculture, heavily deforested for industrial purposes, and degraded by invasive species. The land once felt empty, without critical keystone species keeping the balance in check. Today, we moved through landscapes that had once been silent, only to be met with an explosion of life featuring jaguars relaxing in dense underbrush; giant river otters carving patterns through the water and; capibaras rolling around on the dirt road blocking our car from moving much more than an inch at times.

Yes, the return of wildlife makes this story impressive. But perhaps even more critical has been the return of identity. Communities that once relied on extractive industries or had no work opportunity at all, now have alternate livelihoods. The success of Iberá is what sparked a continental ripple after decades of working towards it. Today, it serves as the blueprint for rewilding across the Americas, and perhaps beyond.
It’s important to recognize that the Tompkins legacy has inspired a new generation of conservationists to launch their own initiatives and chart their own paths. Edges of Earth partnered with Por el Mar, a grassroots marine conservation group working to protect the region’s cold-water ecosystems, especially its pristine giant kelp forests.

For three weeks, we traveled with their team from Tierra del Fuego to Santa Cruz, living aboard a small sailing vessel and diving into some of the last intact underwater forests like this on the planet. These ecosystems, towering and ancient, are now threatened by warming seas, industrial fishing, and invasive species all over the world. But here, this team has been instrumental in protecting giant kelp up and down the coast, mitigating the crisis the best they can before it’s too late.
Co-Founder & CEO Martina Sasso, along with some of her founding team, emerged from the Rewilding Argentina network. People once touched by the Tompkins philosophy but determined to create their own impact. Their work blends science and community outreach, building stewardship for ecosystems that have long been overlooked. In many ways, Por el Mar represents the natural evolution of the Tompkins vision, by helping those who have turned their back on natural resources to see their value once again.

I also must acknowledge that the Tompkins’ work wasn’t without criticism. They were accused of land grabs or of not involving local communities early enough, for example. And when you speak with the people who lived through those early years of building the Rewilding teams, they don’t sugarcoat the struggle. Trust had to be earned and deep, emotional tension showed up everywhere. But standing inside these restored ecosystems today, the outcome is simply undeniable.
Pride is a word we’ve heard a lot of over the course of those 8 weeks. It’s returned to places once written off and places that were hardly on a global map. And the closer we’ve gotten to the teams on the ground, the more we’ve come to learn that the number one driver of success has been local ownership. Rewilding only works when communities see themselves in the future of these landscapes and must never feel displaced by it.

After traveling through 45+ countries, 250 locations, and speaking with nearly 3,000 people working towards a more sustainable future, I’ve come to realize growth means nothing if it harms the communities and ecosystems that make it possible in the first place. The people doing the hardest work—fishers, farmers, Indigenous leaders, grassroots conservationists—have shown me that true progress is defined by how that scale shapes the world around it.
So what can the next generation of business leaders learn from this?
Use capital as a lever: The Tompkins treated wealth as a tool. Money, in their world, was something to deploy with intention. They redirected their financial success outward, not inward. Imagine how differently our world might look if more business leaders viewed their balance sheets as a means to shape healthier futures?
Stretch your timeline: While most companies obsess over shareholder value, the Tompkins were thinking in generations. They invested in ecosystems knowing they might not live to see the impact. And yet, that long-range mindset is exactly why the work is still expanding. The businesses that will endure the next century are going to be the ones building with an eye on what a sustainable horizon looks like.

Lead by releasing: Their greatest measure of success was what Doug and Kris gave back. Donating millions of acres to the public did not show up as a loss or a tax write off. It was actually the whole point. Sometimes the most powerful form of leadership is knowing when to hand over the keys.
Don’t wait for perfection: The Tompkins and their teams were criticized, and rather harshly for that matter, early days. They made mistakes and were categorically misunderstood. But that fueled the fire. Progress was the most used word when talking to the on-ground teams about what Doug stood for. If you’re waiting for a flawless plan or unanimous approval, you’ll never do anything meaningful.

I’m currently writing this somewhere between Argentina and Brazil, on our final week in the field with the Jaguar Rivers Initiative. I’ve found myself rethinking what power and influence are actually for as we drive through these countries once so wild we can hardly visualize what it means in our modern world. Hearing those who knew Doug describe the kind of leader he was has forced me to look inward. At the kind of impact I want to leave behind. We spend so much energy in business chasing perception—titles, property, status, awards. But what does it all mean if the resources beneath our feet disappear?
Legacy is built through the choices we make about where our skills, capital, time, and effort go. It’s built by uplifting the communities who need it most and inspiring others to carry the work forward long after we’re gone. The question no longer is whether we can make a difference. We already know how. It’s whether we will rise up and choose to do so.
Written by: Andi Cross
ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Andi Cross is an explorer, strategist, and extended range diver with Scuba Schools International and Scubapro, who leads Edges of Earth—a global expedition and consulting collective documenting resilience and climate solutions across the world’s most remote coastlines. Her work centers on “positive deviance”—spotlighting outliers succeeding against the odds—and using storytelling and strategy to help scale their impact.
MEET THE LEADERS BEHIND THE LEGACY
REWILDING CHILE

Carolina Morgado (Executive Director) – Carolina is the Executive Director of Fundación Rewilding Chile, formerly Tompkins Conservation Chile. Carolina has been with the organisation for over 25 years, having worked with Douglas and Kristine Tompkins since they began conservation projects in Chilean Patagonia. Carolina led the process of the large land donation made by Tompkins Conservation to the Chilean State for the creation of seven National Parks and the extension of others, being the largest donation of its kind in the world. Recent projects include the creation of the future Cape Froward National Park in Magallanes region. Carolina is also a board member of The Global Rewilding Alliance.

Ingrid Espinoza (Conservation Director) – Ingrid studied forestry engineering at Santiago’s Universidad de Chile, and joined the team in 2001 to help develop the Alerce 3000 project at Pumalín Park. Ingrid now directs Rewilding Chile’s land survey, acquisitions, and mapping program. She also leads the marine conservation project. Ingrid currently lives in El Amarillo, at the southern entrance to Pumalín Douglas Tompkins National Park.

Cristián Saucedo (Wildlife Director) – Born in Santiago, Cristián grew up in Brazil, then returned to his home city to study veterinary medicine at the Universidad de Chile. He leads Rewilding Chile’s Wildlife program, which includes the monitoring of various species in Patagonia National Park, along with other projects along the Route of Parks of Patagonia. He joined the team in 2005 and lives in Coyhaique.

Mathias Hüne (Marine Program Director) – Mathias is a marine biologist from Universidad Austral with a Master of Science degree from Universidad de Magallanes. Along his career highlights his role as scientific director of the Centro de Investigación para la Conservación de los Ecosistemas Australes, his academic work at the Universidad de Magallanes, and his participation in various research projects throughout Patagonia with organizations such as National Geographic Society, Pristine Seas, Wildlife Conservation Society, among others. He is also the author of several scientific publications and books. Mathias joined the Rewilding Chile team in 2024.

Carolina Cerda (Community Outreach Director) – Carolina studied tourism at Universidad de la Frontera and is currently pursuing a master’s degree in Protected Areas Management and Ecoregional Development at the Universidad para la Cooperación Internacional in Costa Rica. Since 2015, she has led the Route of Parks of Patagonia’s community outreach program, and she previously worked on various environmental, social, and tourism intervention projects in both the public and private sectors.
REWILDING ARGENTINA

Sofia Heinonen (Executive Director) – Sofía Heinonen was born and raised in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where she trained as a biologist. An activist by nature, she has spent over thirty years designing large-scale, long-term projects for the creation of protected areas and the restoration of ecosystems. She worked for the Wildlife Foundation and the National Parks Administration before joining the Iberá Project in 2005, led by Doug and Kris Tompkins (CLT Argentina), which was later continued by Rewilding Argentina. She is currently the Executive Director of Rewilding Argentina, where she leads four projects covering more than one million hectares and a team of over two hundred people. In 2022, she was recognized by the BBC as one of the 100 most influential women in the world.

Sebastian Di Martino (Director of Conservation) – Sebastián earned his degree in Biology from the National University of La Plata (Argentina) and a Master’s degree in Protected Natural Areas from the Autonomous University of Madrid (Spain). He admires the revolution that rewilding is bringing to the world of conservation and is convinced that this strategy should be widely used in Argentina to restore its natural environments, which are now largely defaunated. Since the age of 13, he has participated in the activities of environmental organizations, and his work has always been linked to nature conservation, especially at the Directorate of Protected Natural Areas of the province of Neuquén. Since 2015, he has been the Conservation Director of Rewilding Argentina and is in charge of the species and habitat restoration projects we carry out.

Lucila Masera (Director of Strategy and Alliances) – Lucila studied chemical engineering in Buenos Aires and environmental engineering in Madrid, where she worked as a consultant for a private forestry agency. In 2017, she began working at Rewilding Argentina, where she was one of the founders of the marine conservation program, with the goal of achieving protection for at least 10% of the Argentine Sea. She has been the Director of Strategy and Development at our organization since 2018, leading projects around the world.

Emiliano Donadío (Scientific Director) – Emiliano is a biologist who grew up in Argentine Patagonia, where he developed a strong connection with nature. After graduating from the National University of La Plata, he earned a Master’s degree in Zoology and a PhD in Ecology from the University of Wyoming, USA. Emiliano was an Assistant Researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), a position he left in 2019 to join the Rewilding Argentina team. Emiliano participates in the design, implementation, and monitoring of the Foundation’s research and restoration projects.
POR EL MAR

Martina Sasso (Co-founder & CEO) – Martina’s passion for the ocean is deeply rooted in her family history. Her mother, a sailboat captain, and her grandfather, a submariner, filled her childhood with sea stories. She recalls that her books, summers, friends—everything had a scent of the sea. Before founding PEM, Martina started her career as a creative advertiser, but her love for nature led her to create a life dedicated to the environment. She spent years transforming the Buenos Aires Zoo into an ecological park, relocating animals to sanctuaries. She also advocated for Marine World to do the same but without success. This experience ignited her determination to protect marine life, leading her to found and direct the marine program “No Blue, No Green” at Rewilding Argentina. On this path, Martina became deeply involved in the creation of Argentina’s first MPAs, and understanding the necessity of an organisation fully dedicated to marine conservation, she set off to found PEM. As co-founder and CEO, her role involves managing institutional relationships, dreaming of the organisation’s future, and fundraising to make those dreams a reality. She also guides team leaders in their quest for conservation, continuing to fill her life with sea stories while making history in protecting it.

Maia Gutierrez Bustamante (Co-founder & COO) – Maia’s love for the ocean is a cherished family heritage. Her grandparents were avid divers and sailors, living and spending most of their time by the sea. They passed their passion and love for the ocean through generations. When asked about the experiences that forged her bond with the ocean, Maia explains it was part of her upbringing. For years, Maia led her own 360 agency dedicated to NGOs, together with her sister Lara, and working closely with lifelong friend Martina, with whom they also advocated for the creation of Argentina’s first MPAs. In 2022, after much effort and collaborative work, they co-founded PEM with the dream of implementing a shared vision for marine conservation. As Co-Founder and Impact Director, Maia shapes the organisation’s values, sets the course for macro goals, and advises teams on strategic matters, ensuring PEM is surfing in the pocket of the wave of change.

Lara Gutierrez Bustamante (Co-founder & CFO) – Lara’s journey with PEM began before it had a name. Following the creation of Argentina’s first MPAs after two years of dedicated work, Lara and the team drove back from Congress feeling that anything was possible. That day, in celebration, they envisioned the future and dreamt about PEM. Today, as co-founder, Lara ensures PEM stays true to its innovative roots, and as finance director, she oversees the organisation’s economic and financial planning. Before founding PEM, she co-founded the marine conservation program “No Blue, No Green” alongside Maia and Martina and led a 360° marketing agency dedicated to NGOs, where she also handled financial planning. Her background in fine arts and design thinking combined with her passion for numbers have made it easy for her to build large systems, –such as the organisation itself–, while still keeping an eye on creativity.

Cecilia Dhers (Deputy Executive Director) – Cecilia began working with PEM because of a thermos. Long story short, PEM´s Founder, Lara, forgot hers at an event where they met, and, aware that they lived blocks away, Cecilia took it with her. Three months later, when Lara finally went by to pick it up, PEM was seeking a coordinator for the Global Salmon Farming Resistance (GSFR), and Cecilia was seeking change. Before this, with a background in politics and international relations, she worked for the government which taught her how to master a foundational pillar in her new role: the collaboration with local communities. Today, Cecilia has grown to be deputy executive director and she is responsible for the alignment across all teams. From returning a thermos back home, to bringing teams and people together, Cecilia is always a bridge and helps PEM connect today’s hopes with tomorrow’s reality.

Dr. Cristian Lagger (Science & Conservation Director) – Cristian was only 12 when he first put on a diving mask and jumped into the sea. From that moment on, he knew his life would be tied to the ocean. He holds a PhD in Biological Sciences from the National University of Córdoba and works as a permanent researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) within the Marine Ecology Laboratory (IDEA), one of Argentina’s leading centers for coastal and underwater research. Throughout his career, he has dedicated himself to studying marine biodiversity and ocean conservation. His research and National Geographic Explorer work have taken him on numerous scientific expeditions to explore and document marine ecosystems. As a scientific diver and underwater cameraman, Cristian has also produced a wide range of audiovisual content to foster empathy for marine conservation. As Director of Science and Conservation at PEM, Cristian plans and develops conservation strategies, defines lines of research across projects, and leads the conservation team. His favorite part of the job is leading scientific expeditions, where he dives to document the ever-changing marine life that has captivated him since childhood.
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