The Rapa Nui Multiple Use Marine Coastal Protected Area, established off the coast of Easter Island in 2018, stands as a monumental effort in marine conservation, encompassing an area of 278,000 square miles. This protected zone, one of the largest in the world, plays a crucial role in preserving the island’s unique marine biodiversity, safeguarding over 140 native species, including 27 that are under threat of extinction.
This marine protected area is significant for several reasons. First, it represents a substantial effort by the Chilean government and conservation groups to reverse the decline in marine life due to overfishing and environmental degradation. The protected waters provide a sanctuary for marine species and have the potential to aid the recovery of adjacent areas through the “spillover” of ocean life beyond the park’s boundaries.
The involvement of the Rapa Nui, the native Polynesians of Easter Island, was pivotal in the creation of this protected area. Their deep connection to the ocean, stemming from their history as skilled navigators and their spiritual relationship with the sea, was instrumental in shaping the conservation initiative. The Rapa Nui’s support for the marine park was contingent on their continued right to traditional fishing methods, which have less impact on the environment compared to industrial fishing practices.
In a remarkable move, reflecting the strong engagement of the indigenous community, elected Rapa Nui officials hold the majority vote in the council responsible for managing the marine protected area. This level of local involvement in the governance of the park is rare and significant, ensuring that the decisions made align with the interests and traditions of the Rapa Nui people.
The commitment of the Rapa Nui to this marine protection effort is seen as an act of reciprocity to the ocean, which has provided sustenance and a way of life for them for centuries. This perspective underscores the importance of balancing conservation efforts with the needs and traditions of local communities.
The establishment of the Rapa Nui Marine Protected Area is a landmark achievement in global marine conservation, highlighting the critical need for large-scale protection of our oceans. It serves as a model for integrating indigenous rights and traditions with environmental stewardship, offering valuable lessons for similar initiatives worldwide.