Issue 73 - June 2021
How Climate Change Could Affect Coral Reef Tourism
This piece was written by Kathryn Curzon, a shark conservationist and dive travel writer for Scuba Schools International (SSI).

The effects of climate change continue to alter ocean ecosystems worldwide and could have far-reaching impacts on the billion-dollar coral reef tourism industry. But as we approach World Ocean Day 2021, it’s not too late to save our precious reefs.
How valuable is coral reef tourism?

Coral reef tourism is estimated to have a global value of US $36 billion per year, according to a study that mapped the global value and distribution of coral reef tourism. It is one of the most significant examples of nature-based tourism from a single ecosystem and generates revenues in over 100 countries and territories.
The value of coral reef tourism consists of ‘on-reef’ values, such as scuba diving and snorkeling, and ‘reef-adjacent’ values. These reef-adjacent values include benefits from healthy coral reefs such as sandy beaches, sheltered waters, healthy fisheries, coastal protection and idyllic views. The authors emphasized these values should provide a strong incentive for sustainable reef management.
How does climate change affect coral reefs?
Coral bleaching events and ocean acidification are well-known effects of climate change. Yet there are also other stressors on coral reefs that could undermine marine tourism.
Sea level rises, leading to coastal erosion, and the stronger and more frequent storms typical of the current climate, smother and destroy coral reef structures. Heavy rainfall events cause land-based pollutants and nutrients to wash into the ocean, resulting in algal blooms and a reduction in available light at reefs.
Changing ocean currents also affect reefs, by altering the connectivity between reefs and water temperature profiles at different reefs. These changes can lead to a lack of food sources and interrupt reef species’ ability to successfully breed.
If left unchecked, these complex effects could reduce the value of coral reef tourism. But all is not yet lost.

Can we reduce the impacts of climate change on coral reefs?
Absolutely! Australian scientists announced just this week that interventions could help slow the Great Barrier Reef’s climate change-fueled decline by up to 20 years. Innovative interventions, such as using ‘cloud brightening’ technology that lowers water temperatures and introducing heat-tolerant corals, could make a significant difference to coral reef survival.
In the fight to save coral reefs, seagrass beds also play a crucial role. These underwater meadows are not only vital habitat for many marine life species. A recent study in the Global Change Biology journal found seagrass meadows can help tackle ocean acidification by raising pH levels in coastal waters.
There are a variety of ways we can reduce the impacts of climate change on coral reefs, and you can be part of the solution as well.

How you can help protect coral reefs.
World Ocean Day is on 8th June 2021, making it a perfect time to commit to making a difference.
You can help protect our oceans by reducing your carbon footprint. Measures such as driving less, reducing your waste, eating less meat and refusing plastics are easy ways to help.
- Using fewer household chemicals, choosing sustainable seafood and practising good reef etiquette are also great ways to help protect coral reefs. The SSI Blue Oceans movement provides a responsible diver code you can use at home and when you travel.
Eco-conscious travel choices: Top dive destinations helping coral reefs thrive.
Marine reserves also help protect the oceans from the impacts of humans and climate change. They provide opportunities for sustainable dive tourism and important income for local communities. Marine Park fees are also often used to educate communities and tourists about issues such as sustainable fishing and conservation.
Some of the best dive destinations around the world have thriving marine reserves that you can support. Get inspired by these incredible destinations, pack your bags and make an eco-conscious travel choice today.

- Ras Mohammed National Park, Egypt
Ras Mohammed National Park offers some of the best diving in the Red Sea and is beloved by European divers. Imagine colorful reefs teeming with fish, brightly colored corals, azure waters and easy diving for all experience levels. That’s the beauty of this much-loved dive destination.
- Hol Chan Marine Reserve, Belize
When it comes to Belize scuba diving, it doesn’t get much better than exploring the stunning Hol Chan Marine Reserve. Protected since 1987, Hol Chan is famous for its reefs teeming with schools of fish, plus snorkeling with huge groups of friendly nurse sharks and curious stingrays. With the water temperature rarely dropping below 26 °C (79 °F), it’s a great year-round dive destination.
- Galapagos Marine Reserve, the Galapagos Islands
If you’re an experienced diver, the Galapagos Islands will likely be on your wish list. This incredible wildlife destination offers diving off striking volcanic islands with marine iguanas, penguins, confident sea lions and numerous different shark species. The diving is worth every bit of effort needed to get to this remote and pristine location.
Jardines de la Reina, Cuba
Less well known than many marine reserves but no less impressive, the idyllic Jardines de la Reina has around 80 dive sites. All of which are sheltered from currents and wind, making them perfect for easy-going diving and snorkeling in a thriving marine reserve. As you drift over the colorful reefs you’ll be in the company of numerous fish, sharks and more.
Raja Ampat, Indonesia
Raja Ampat is a breath-taking archipelago of over 1500 jungle-clad islands and cays dotted among azure waters. Sitting in the Coral Triangle, it is a famous global biodiversity hotspot hosting more than 1000 species of fish, over 500 coral species and plenty of pelagic life. The corals are rainbow-hued and dive sites are visited by mantas, dolphins and turtles. All of which makes Raja Ampat diving incomparable to just about anywhere else on Earth.


Kathryn is a professional travel writer and editor, shark diver, marine conservationist and award-winning author. Follow her adventures @kathrynoceana or kathryncurzon.com.
About Scuba Schools International (SSI)
Scuba Schools International (SSI) is the largest professional business-based training agency in the world. For over 50 years now, SSI has provided the ultimate training experience for millions of certified divers, not only in Recreational Scuba but in every training category; Freediving, Extended Range, Rebreather Diving, Mermaid, Swim and Lifeguard. Visit the Scuba Schools International websitefor more information.
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Issue 73 - June 2021
Winners of the JEDI Ocean Award Announced

Marine Conservation Institute announces the recipients of the first annual JEDI Ocean Award for Sonoma County teens. The JEDI (Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion) award celebrates local Black, Latinx, POC and Indigenous Sonoma County high school students interested in pursuing studies in marine science and conservation biology. This year’s winners are Kiara Lizarraga and Veronica Jaramillo.
In her winning essay, Lizarraga writes: “often when standing tall, taking in the breathtaking view over the cliff that scans over the ocean, we humans seem like a tiny pebble on the bottom of the ocean; yet, we have an incredibly immense impact on it.” The winner, who is a sophomore at Maria Carrillo High School, describes her “great respect and appreciation for the ocean, not just for being the largest carbon sink or being at least half of the Earth’s oxygen source but for allowing me to feel free, comfortable and inspired.”
Jaramillo, a junior at Roseland University Prep, says “I want to inspire others to have faith in the positive aspects of what we are facing, rather than being lost in despair . . . I want to bring more awareness and connectivity to everyone, no matter their age, gender, or race.” In her winning application, Jaramillo writes: “I cherish the beauty of the ocean . . . Each granule of sand is like a human being, and the infinite beach that touches and reaches under the ocean is like the network of humanity.”
The JEDI Award, generously funded by the Jack London Yacht Club, will celebrate Lizarraga and Jaramillo with a monetary prize, a one-on-one mentorship session with a marine conservationist, an insider tour of Bodega Marine Laboratory, free enrollment in the Eco-Conscious Diver’s Complete Introduction to Marine Conservation course, and publication of their winning essays on Marine Conservation Institute’s internationally-read blog.
The team at Marine Conservation Institute believes that diversity is the key to resilience and growth—both in the ocean and in our communities. “Early recognition and celebration is key to inspiring enthusiastic young people to continue their studies in environmental fields,” says Dr. Lance Morgan, president of Marine Conservation Institute, “and we hope that this award will inspire diverse students from Sonoma County to become tomorrow’s ocean leaders.”
Kiara Lizarraga Veronica Jaramillo
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Issue 73 - June 2021
SHEBA® unveils Hope Reef: World’s Largest Coral Restoration Program Announced

Hope Reef, the start of the world’s largest coral reef restoration program, has been unveiled off the coast of Sulawesi, Indonesia. The reef, which can be seen on Google Earth, has been built to spell the word H-O-P-E and is a symbol to show the world how positive change can happen within our lifetime.
Scientists estimate that if the world does nothing, 90% of the world’s tropical reefs will be gone by 2043, impacting nearly 500 million people who depend on them for food, income and coastal protection[1]. The effort to solve this requires global cooperation on a massive scale and SHEBA® hopes to play the role of catalyst, helping to ensure the future has coral reefs and fish.
While the unveiling of Hope Reef takes place today, its restoration began two years ago. Since then, coral cover has increased from 5 to 55%, fish abundance has increased and we have seen the return of species such as sharks and turtles. By the end of 2029, SHEBA’s® ambition is to restore more than 185,000 square meters of coral reef at sites around the world – roughly the size of 148 Olympic Swimming Pools.
Viewers who watch the SHEBA® Hope Reef story, “The Film That Grows Coral” on YouTube will help raise money for reef restoration. With every view, the advertising money generated is invested into coral reef restoration through campaign partner, The Nature Conservancy. This is the first time ever that 100% of the funds from a YouTube channel have been monetized for sustainability efforts.
Providing a simple but effective solution, Hope Reef uses innovative ‘Reef Star’ technology – 90cm-wide, star-shaped, steel structures that are handmade by the local community in Indonesia. Each star is joined underwater to create a strong web that covers the seabed and provides a stable base for coral fragments to regrow.
Professor David Smith, Chief Marine Scientist at Mars Inc., said: “We’re thrilled to unveil Hope Reef and show that there really is hope for our oceans. Our efforts around the world to restore and regenerate these precious ecosystems are showing exciting results and having a positive impact on local communities, which we’re delighted to see. We hope our efforts inspire others to join us so we can all play our part in helping to prevent the extinction of our coral reefs.”
Dr. Elizabeth McLeod, The Nature Conservancy’s Global Reef Systems Lead, said: “Coral reefs are the heart of our oceans, supporting over a quarter of marine life. Reefs also supply millions of people worldwide with food, livelihoods, life-saving medicines, and protection against storms. It’s imperative that we scale up our work to protect and restore the long-term health of these vital ecosystems, as well as addressing the threats that have caused their decline and building their resilience to a changing climate.”
Since 2008, SHEBA®‘s parent company, Mars, Incorporated, has invested more than $10m in research, restoration and community engagement as part of its coral reef program. In addition, the company has invested $1 billion to drive action for the protection and restoration of the planet and those who inhabit it through its Sustainable In A Generation Plan.
Tracey Massey, Global President of Mars Pet Nutrition said: “This is a symbol of hope – hope for the future of our oceans and the start of a movement to restore these vital ecosystems. The Nature Conservancy and our other long-standing partners on coral restoration around the world ensure a promising start to drive further action, acting as catalyst to inspire others and help create a healthy, thriving planet for both people and pets.”
To play a role in reef restoration, so that we have more coral today and more fish tomorrow, watch and share this video #hopegrows: The Film That Grows Coral

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Issue 73 - June 2021
ESJ Capital Partners to Develop South Florida’s First-Ever True Eco-Adventure Park & Resort in Miami

Opening in 2022, the $300 million re-imagined “Jungle Island” will feature a thrilling aerial adventure course with zip lines, up-close animal encounters, water attractions, one-of-a-kind entertainment and nightlife, and a new hotel, just minutes from downtown Miami and Miami Beach
ESJ Capital Partners (hereinafter: ‘ESJ”), an Aventura, Florida-based commercial real estate firm and a registered Investment Advisor, has secured the final approvals necessary to move forward with developing a one-of-a-kind eco-adventure destination and hotel on 18.5 acres of prime waterfront in Miami.
The $300 million project is an ambitious re-imagining of the historic “Jungle Island,” a zoological theme park and botanical gardens built in 1936 that once boasted the largest and rarest collection of exotic animals and birds. It is located on Watson Island, roughly five minutes from both downtown Miami and the world-renowned South Beach neighborhood of Miami Beach, surrounded by the crystal blue waters of Biscayne Bay.
Inspired by some of the world’s most successful eco-adventure destinations and conceived by a team of the top hospitality/nature attraction experts, ESJ’s master-plan for redevelopment of the park caters to the 21st-century guest, while still preserving historic elements that has made the Jungle Island experience a favorite landmark for nearly a century – including an unparalleled collection of over 50 parrot species in its multi-story aviary.
Set to re-open in mid-2022 as “Jungle Island: Miami’s Adventure Oasis,” the redesigned park will include the only aerial adventure course in South Florida featuring zip lines, ropes courses, bridges, and climbing nets suspended up to 60-feet in the treetops; a 19,000-square-foot trampoline park; interactive and hands-on animal nature tours that allow guests to get up-close and personal with over 100 species of wild animals, such as swimming with capybaras; a 1,200-seat outdoor amphitheater with new and unique, family- friendly entertainment featuring aerialists and acrobats; elevated dining and nightlife experiences; a Mediterranean-style beach club and cocktail lounge on Miami’s only private beach; and several water features including a new 900-foot “lazy river” that meanders through the park’s lush green and animal habitats.
A key component of the park will be a new 300-key, family-friendly eco-resort, scheduled to open in late 2024 or early 2025.
Based on market research, ESJ expects to draw more than 500,000 guests during its first year of operation, comprising a 50-50 mix of both local/domestic visitors and out-of-market travelers.
“Florida is finally getting its first true eco-adventure park, where nature and wildlife provide inspiration for guests to explore, play, challenge themselves physically, or simply relax,” said Arnaud Sitbon, CEO of ESJ. “Best of all, it’s going to be in a city that is one of the world’s top-rated travel destinations, just minutes from Miami’s top-rated beaches and attractions. It’s a privilege to have the honor of breathing new life into this much-beloved landmark, and our hope is that it will spark appreciation and respect for nature and our planet’s precious wildlife.”
“A nature-oriented destination of this magnitude in the heart of Miami’s urban core is truly remarkable,” said Micha Dubernard, Senior Vice President of ESJ Capital Partners. “In addition to providing a unique attraction that enhances Miami’s reputation for tourism and culture, Jungle Island’s lush habitat will also serve an important ecological role by helping absorb some of the city’s carbon emissions and serving as a natural preserve for Florida’s wading birds and other wildlife.”

According to the Greater Miami Convention & Visitors Bureau (GMCVB), there is substantial demand for this type of venue. “We are extremely pleased to add such a compelling attraction to our community,” said William D. Talbert III, President & CEO of the GMCVB. “We look forward to continue working with the Jungle Island team.”
In 2019, Greater Miami attracted a record-breaking 16.3 million overnight visitors and an additional 7.9 million day tripper, for a record number of 24.2 million total visitors with a total economic impact close to $18 billion, according to the GMCVB. Industry experts expect Miami’s hospitality and tourism industry to recover steadily over the next year, in conjunction with COVID-19 vaccine roll outs.
In addition to the adventure park and nature attractions, Jungle Island will also feature a strong corporate appeal, with more than 10 indoor and outdoor meeting and event spaces, catering to small or large groups, and ranging from small celebrations to 1000+-person gatherings.
ESJ acquired Jungle Island in April 2017, which involved the transfer of the existing land lease on the City of Miami-owned Watson Island to ESJ. In August 2018, Miami voters approved a city charter amendment to waive competitive bidding and allow ESJ to modify Jungle Island’s lease and allow the construction of a 300-room hotel. In February 2021, the City of Miami provided final approval on a long-awaited land-use ordinance change and special area plan, both necessary to redevelop the 18-acre property with a hotel and additional recreation amenities. ESJ plans to begin construction on the new adventure park this summer, and will break ground on the new $100+ million hotel in 2022, pending a final building permit.
To lead Jungle Island’s transformation, ESJ has pulled in some of the world’s leading hospitality, attraction, entertainment and construction experts. These include IDEAS Brand & Experience Design, led by 25-year Disney executive Bob Allen; HKS Architects, an interdisciplinary global design firm which recently completed Royal Caribbean’s $250 million redevelopment of CocoCay Island; EoA, an award-winning design firm; Gardiner & Theobald, an independent construction and property consultancy noted for its development of Miami’s acclaimed Faena District and the $4 billion Baha Mar resort in the Bahamas, the largest resort development in the Western Hemisphere; and several additional specialists in the field of animal entertainment and education.
For more information about Jungle Island updates, bookings and hours of operations please visit www.jungleisland.com.

About ESJ Capital Partners
ESJ Capital Partners, founded in 2008, is a diversified, institutional vertically integrated, real estate investment firm. ESJ utilizes its breadth of experience and expertise to invest in attractive opportunities throughout the United States. For more information, please visit www.esj.us.
About Jungle Island
A favorite South Florida landmark since 1936, Jungle Island is located across from the cruise ports, between Downtown Miami and South Beach. Miami’s premier eco-adventure park proudly takes guests on an epic journey through adventure, nature and play. From thrilling attractions, behind-the-scenes VIP tours, elevated dining experiences at a waterfront restaurant & lounge to unforgettable interactions with some of the world’s most fascinating animals, Jungle Island offers guests a variety of real-life jungle adventures. For regular updates, follow @JungleIsland on social media and visit www.jungleisland.com.
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