Issue 94 - March 2023
An Environmental Nightmare: Why Is Nothing Being Done to Prevent Plastic Pellet Pollution?
By Tanya Cox,
Senior Technical Specialist, Marine Plastics, Fauna & Flora

In January 2023, plastic pellets – or ‘nurdles’ – hit the headlines as the French government pledged legal action in response to several waves of small, lentil-shaped plastic pellets washing up on its beaches.
It is suspected that winter winds and water currents resulted in more plastic being brought to the shore than usual and, on Saturday 21 January, the French government’s Ecological Transition Minister, Christophe Béchu, announced that they will be taking legal action over this “environmental nightmare”.
But where have these damaging microplastics come from, and who is responsible?
Plastic pellets are small pieces of plastic that are melted together to make almost all plastic items we use day to day – from plastic bottles to fridges. Although plastic pellets are at the very beginning of the plastic life cycle, already, before the plastic item is even made, they are causing a huge pollution issue. They spill on land and at sea in staggering numbers, especially while in transit, and it is estimated that billions of individual pellets enter the ocean every year.

In the case of the French nurdle disaster, the pellets were likely spilled from shipping containers lost in the Atlantic Ocean – but, under current legislation, identifying which ships the pellets have come from is nigh on impossible. While the French government’s pledge for legal action has brought pellet pollution up the news agenda, shipping spills and the resulting mass wash-ups are unfortunately not uncommon. This is happening far more than you would like to think.
Prior to France’s most recent example of this pollution nightmare, there have been eight known major incidents of pellet loss at sea, occurring all over the world from South Africa to Hong Kong to Norway, and including the infamous MV X-Press Pearl shipping disaster off the coast of Sri Lanka, which saw pellets accumulating in piles up to two metres high on local beaches. Together, these shipping incidents have resulted in a total of approximately one trillion plastic pellets being lost into the ocean.
Large-scale incidents aren’t the only drivers of pellet pollution, however – it is as much of a chronic issue as it is an acute one. Every single day pellets could be leaking from ships due to poor packaging and handling practices that occur, resulting in these insidious pollutants trickling into the ocean in cumulatively huge numbers.
The result of this frequent loss of pellets into the ocean is not just that they end up littering beaches – plastic pellet pollution has a devastating impact on wildlife. One of the biggest threats pellets pose is ingestion; due to their small, round and sometimes clear appearance, they are often mistaken for food by marine life and are regularly eaten or ingested. And it’s not just fish that are affected.
Pellets are suspected to be harming species across the taxonomic spectrum – from seabirds to sea turtles to mammals, including seals. In some areas that are particularly badly affected by spillages, pellets can even smother seagrass meadows. Seagrass is a marine plant that is remarkable for its carbon sequestration capacity, but the invasion of plastic in the meadows is reducing the ability of the plants to photosynthesise, while also threatening a range of species that use these meadows as a breeding or feeding ground.

Another significant threat to wildlife from plastic pellets is their hazardous nature. Before they are even spilled into the ocean, nurdles are hazardous due to the additives they contain. Once they are in the sea they act like a sponge, accumulating bacteria and the environmental pollutants that are present in seawater. When the pellets then come into contact with, or are eaten by, marine animals, all of the nasty chemicals and toxins they’ve adsorbed can be passed onto or into the animal – effectively acting as a poisoned pill for marine life.
With such damaging consequences, you would think it would be no question that nations would come together under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to do everything they can to ensure effective regulations are in place to significantly reduce the risk of future pollution from ships. We need to bring an end to plastic pellet pollution – especially when the issue is, in reality, very preventable. Disappointingly, however, all action to date has been voluntary in nature – meaning an unlevel playing field and a continuation of this growing environmental catastrophe.
At Fauna & Flora, we are calling for a more robust, regulatory approach from industry, governments and the IMO – which is responsible for regulating global shipping – to put an end to all sources of plastic pellet pollution.

There are a number of routes that the IMO could take to achieve this; for example, if the IMO were to legally classify pellets as marine pollutants, this would immediately trigger significant improvements in the way that pellets are packaged, labelled, stowed and transported around the world. We are also campaigning for national administrations, under the auspices of the IMO, to work together to develop standardised disaster response protocols to help with the containment and clean-up of large-scale spillages from ships.
At the upcoming IMO Pollution Prevention Response Sub-Committee (PPR) meeting in April 2023, IMO members will continue discussions around plastic pellet classification and regulation. These discussions will result in a recommendation being sent to the Marine Environmental Protection Committee meeting (MEPC80) – being held 3-7 July 2023 – but it is unlikely that any firm decisions on mandatory measures will be made until PPR11 and MEPC81, taking place in 2024.
Under no circumstances can we let this drag on beyond 2024. The more IMO decision makers delay on classification and regulations, the worse the issue becomes – more plastic is being produced and moved around the world each year, more pellets are spilling into the ocean, and more marine life is paying the price. Time is running out; and all eyes are on IMO members to ensure they do the right thing.
For more info about nurdle pollution, CLICK HERE!

About The Author
Tanya is a Marine Plastics Senior Technical Specialist at Fauna & Flora with responsibility for helping develop the charity’s programme of work addressing the extent and impact of marine plastic pollution, with the goal of developing pragmatic solutions and upstream interventions. With a master’s degree in Oceanography, Tanya has a broad understanding of oceanic and atmospheric systems and a keen interest in corporate sustainability and CSR policies, circular economies for sustainable resource use, marine conservation issues, behaviour change campaigning and environmental policy. She has worked in Europe, Africa and the Middle East in roles spanning project management, research and monitoring, environmental education and the design of community outreach programs and conservation initiatives.
About Fauna & Flora
Fauna & Flora protects threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, based on sound science and that enhance human well-being. Operating in more than 40 countries worldwide, Fauna & Flora save species from extinction and habitats from destruction while improving the livelihoods of local people.
Fauna & Flora has been working on marine plastics since 2009, and was the first biodiversity conservation organisation to address the emerging threat from microplastics in our oceans. The charity’s plastics work involves collating scientific evidence and working with partners to propose effective upstream solutions, such as phasing out unnecessary microbeads in personal care and cosmetics products, and working towards a supply chain approach to tackling pellet pollution. Fauna & Flora has also been working with policymakers to shape effective policies and recommendations that tackle microplastic pollution at source.
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Issue 94 - March 2023
BACK ON THE BIG SCREEN! DC Environmental Film Festival
Contributed By DCEFF
DC’s Environmental Film Festival returns March 16-26 with an exciting line-up of events.

The Environmental Film Festival in the Nation’s Capital (DCEFF) gears up for its much anticipated return of in-person events after a three year pause on live screenings due to the pandemic. Entering its 31st year, the festival will resume its public screenings from March 16-26 across multiple venues in D.C., including the Naval Heritage Center, Landmark E Street Cinema, the National Geographic Society, various Smithsonian Museums, Embassies and other cultural organizations. Festival-goers are already inquiring about this year’s film lineup and special events.
The Festival opens with an exciting D.C. premiere of Deep Rising (Matthieu Rytz, narrated by Executive Producer Jason Momoa), fresh from its world premiere at Sundance which tells a riveting story about a destructive secretive organization empowered to extract massive amounts of metals from the deep seafloor. Other film highlights include Oscar nominated All That Breathes (Shaunak Sen) centered around protection of the black kite bird of prey, Geographies of Solitude (Jacquelyn Mills) acknowledged by NY Times for its contemplative presentation of the rich ecosystem of Sable Island, and many other multicultural selections that feature stories from around the globe which will be screened at local embassies throughout D.C.

DCEFF has long been known for its lively programming and dedicated partnerships which entertain and educate about a wide range of environmental topics. This year’s highlights include a return of The Forum, a thought-provoking talk-series that explores critical themes, issues and trends such as Storytelling During Times of War: A View from Ukraine. This particular panel will feature two guest filmmakers from Ukraine to discuss the power and importance of visual storytelling in times of crisis as well as the prospects of a “green” post-war reconstruction for Ukraine’s energy infrastructure.
DCEFF also introduces for the first time a live pitch contest which offers emerging BIPOC filmmakers the opportunity to win a $12,500 grant towards the production of a short or their first feature film. Finalists will have a unique opportunity to be mentored by Judith Helfand (co-founder Chicken & Egg Pictures, award-winning filmmaker).
As public interest in environmental stories continues to grow, DCEFF will continue virtual programming in a hybrid festival model to allow for enjoyment outside of the local area. Audiences who cannot attend in-person screenings can look forward to a diverse selection of themes with films that challenge environmental threats and support proactive and sustainable action.
For more information and the full-season program, visit dceff.org.
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Issue 94 - March 2023
SAWFISH NEWS: Havenworth Coastal Conservation Meet and Greet with Sawfish Experts
Contributed by Tonya Wiley, Havenworth Coastal Conservation

During the 20th century, the population of smalltooth sawfish in the United States experienced a significant decrease in numbers and range due to overfishing, habitat loss, and limited reproduction. In response, NOAA Fisheries listed the U.S. population of smalltooth sawfish as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act on April 1, 2003.
At the time of the listing in 2003 scientists knew little about the biology, ecology, and population dynamics of smalltooth sawfish. Over the last 20 years, scientists from multiple agencies, universities, and organizations have collaborated to research the smalltooth sawfish population in the United States. We now know more about their size and age at maturity, the number of young they give birth to, the food they eat, their large- and small-scale movement patterns and habitat use, and their response to a variety of stressors. This research greatly improved our understanding of the species and helped us prioritize the actions needed to reach recovery as quickly as possible.
To celebrate the progress made over the last 20 years and to share the plight of this endangered species with the public, we invite all to a meet and greet with sawfish experts on March 31, 2023 6-8 pm at the Ivey House in Everglades City, Florida. We’ll air a short sawfish documentary created by John Anderson with Terramar Productions, answer questions about sawfish research and management, and give away some free sawfish swag.
While we have achieved a lot over the last 20 years, there is still work ahead in recovering the population of smalltooth sawfish in the United States. NOAA Fisheries has a Recovery Plan that lists actions necessary to rebuild the population and some actions specifically require help from the public, so come join us and see how you can become involved!
If you catch or see a sawfish, please share the information with scientists by visiting www.SawfishRecovery.org, calling 1-844-4SAWFISH, emailing sawfish@myfwc.com, or using the FWC Reporter App.


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Issue 94 - March 2023
SEVENSEAS Travel Magazine – March 2023 – Issue 94

Feature Destination
Cape Verde Ocean Conservation
Ocean conservation is critical for the preservation of our planet’s natural resources. With over 70% of the Earth’s surface covered in water, the ocean plays a vital role in regulating the global climate. Read more…
Cape Verde Scuba Diving
Cape Verde is a cluster of islands situated in the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of West Africa. Known for its idyllic beaches, clear waters, and diverse marine life, Cape Verde has emerged as a top destination for scuba diving enthusiasts from across the globe. Read more…
The Cape Verde Archipelago
Cape Verde is a beautiful archipelago located off the coast of West Africa. Made up of 10 volcanic islands, Cape Verde offers tourists an array of natural wonders, cultural experiences, and stunning beaches. Read more…
NEWSROOM
New Insights Published Into Ecological & Human Influences on European Fisheries
SEAwise, a collaborative project working to break down barriers to Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) in Europe, has published a new set of key findings. The latest insights add important knowledge on the social, ecological, and economic factors that feed into sustainable fishing. Read more…
Global Warming Reaches Central Greenland
A temperature reconstruction from ice cores of the past 1,000 years reveals that today’s warming in central-north Greenland is surprisingly pronounced. The most recent decade surveyed in a study, the years 2001 to 2011, was the warmest in the past 1,000 years, and the region is now 1.5 °C warmer than during the 20th century. Read more…
An Environmental Nightmare: Why Is Nothing Being Done to Prevent Plastic Pellet Pollution?
n January 2023, plastic pellets – or ‘nurdles’ – hit the headlines as the French government pledged legal action in response to several waves of small, lentil-shaped plastic pellets washing up on its beaches. Read more…
Aquarium Scientists React to Death of Critically Endangered North Atlantic Right Whale
Scientists at the New England Aquarium are reacting to the death of a North Atlantic right whale as the critically endangered species continues to face human-caused threats. Read more…
Before Global Warming, Was The Earth Cooling Down or Heating Up?
Accurate climate models play a critical role in climate science and policy, helping to inform policy- and decision-makers throughout the world as they consider ways to slow the deadly effects of a warming planet and to adapt to changes already in progress. Read more…
Marine Heatwaves Decimate Sea Urchins, Molluscs & More at Rottnest
Curtin University researchers believe rising sea temperatures are to blame for the plummeting number of invertebrates such as molluscs and sea urchins at Rottnest Island off Western Australia, with some species having declined by up to 90 per cent between 2007 and 2021. Read more…
Tupinambás Ecological Station and Alcatrazes Archipelago Wildlife Refuge Earn Blue Park Award at IMPAC5
Representatives from the Blue Parks Science Council, an international council of marine conservation experts that determines which marine protected areas meet the award criteria, and President of Marine Conservation Institute, Dr. Lance Morgan, presented the award to Kelen Luciana Leite, Head of Tupinambás Ecological Station and Alcatrazes Archipelago Wildlife Refuge. Read more…
Gitdisdzu Lugyks MPA Named a Blue Spark in Growing Network of Highest Quality Marine Protected Areas
The Blue Spark designation for this Indigenous-led protected area reflects the leadership and commitment of the Kitasoo Xai’xai Nation and indicates that the protected area is making progress towards earning a prestigious Blue Park Award for conservation excellence. Read more…
Cordillera de Coiba Managed Resources Area Earns Blue Park Award at 5th International Marine Protected Area Congress
Representatives from the Blue Parks Science Council, an international council of marine conservation experts that determines which marine protected areas meet the award criteria, and President of Marine Conservation Institute, Dr. Lance Morgan, presented the award to José Julio Casas, National Director of Coasts and Seas of the Ministry of Environment of Panama. Read more…
Pitcairn Islands Marine Protected Area Earns Blue Park Award for Outstanding Conservation Value

Representatives from the Blue Parks Science Council, an international council of marine conservation experts that determines which marine protected areas meet the award criteria, and President of Marine Conservation Institute, Dr. Lance Morgan, announced the award for Pitcairn Islands MPA. Read more…
SEVENSEAS Beach Cleanups














In August 2022 CleanUp, we picked up over 80 kilogram of plastic, pieces of glasses, tractor tyre, and fishing nets from the beach in Krabi, Long Beach or Pan Beach. Of course, we would not be able to do it without your support. You can make a tax-deductible donation here to keep our publications and Thailand Cleanup Project afloat.
You can either make a direct financial contribution to SEVENSEAS Media through The Ocean Foundation website or connect us with potential donors by sending an email to Giacomo Abrusci, our Editor-in-Chief.
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Since 2004, SEVENSEAS Media has fostered an informal and non-partisan platform to promote understanding of key issues and challenges while building partnerships across an increasingly diverse group of marine conservation professionals and students.
Our mission is to promote communication and build partnerships across the global marine community and to identify and address gaps in the community’s work. SEVENSEAS Media achieves this through multimedia promotion and partnerships. The community consists of a diverse and growing group of participants, including non-governmental organizations, government agencies, foundations, bilateral and multilateral agencies, fellowship programs, independent consultants, and academia/students.
If you are interested in contributing or getting involved, email us Here.
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